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Pytanie Odpowiedź
!
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!
To initiate change
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To start or commence a process of transformation or modification.
A change agent
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An individual or group that leads or facilitates changes within an organization or system.
Change resistance
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The reluctance or opposition to alterations, often encountered when implementing changes.
To implement change
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To put into effect or carry out planned modifications or adjustments.
Cultural mindset
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The shared attitudes, beliefs, and values that characterize a particular group or society.
To make gradual improvements
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To enhance or refine something over time through incremental changes.
Restructuring
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The process of reorganizing or rearranging the components or structure of an organization.
Redesigning
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The act of modifying or altering the design or structure of something.
A complete overhaul
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A thorough and comprehensive reconstruction or renovation.
A turnaround
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A significant improvement or reversal of a situation, often applied to businesses or projects.
To be change averse
having a preference for maintaining the status quo.
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To resist or avoid changes
To adapt to change
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To adjust and accommodate oneself to new or altered circumstances.
Reactions to change
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Shock, denial, anger, acceptance, move forward. Different emotional responses that individuals may go through when faced with change.
To be resistant to (change)
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To oppose or withstand alterations and modifications.
To mourn
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To grieve or express sorrow, typically in response to loss or change.
To address the issue/problem
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To confront or deal with a problem or challenge.
To think something through
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To carefully consider or reflect on a matter before making a decision.
To bring somebody on board
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To get someone to support or join a project, idea, or initiative.
To be on board with something
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To be in agreement or supportive of a particular idea or plan.
The odds are good
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There is a high probability or likelihood of success.
To make money by the scoopful
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To earn a significant amount of money.
Complacency had set in
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A state of self-satisfaction and unawareness of potential problems or dangers had developed.
Sales slipped
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The volume of sales decreased or declined.
He resorted to an overhaul
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He chose to undertake a comprehensive and thorough restructuring.
He scrapped TV advertising
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He eliminated or abandoned television advertising.
To get the company back on track
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To restore a company to a path of success or improvement.
A renewed emphasis on R&D
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A revived focus on research and development.
Globalization may have subjected the company to stiffer competition
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The company may face more intense competition due to globalization.
Swelling middle class
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An increase in the size of the middle-income population.
An emblem
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A symbol or representation that signifies something.
Stringent
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Strict, precise, or rigorous.
To propagate something
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To spread, promote, or transmit something, such as ideas or beliefs.
Posh
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Elegant, stylish, or luxurious.
To fend off
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To defend against or repel a threat or attack.
Stiff competition
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Intense or strong competition.
To stagnate
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To remain unchanged or make little progress.
Cost-cutting
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The reduction of expenses or expenditures.
To reinforce
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To strengthen or support.
To embark on something
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To start or undertake a new project or journey.
To counteract a growing number of complaints
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To take measures to offset or counter the increase in complaints.
To relocate a company/department
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To move a company or a department to a different location.
To reconsider long-held beliefs
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To review or rethink deeply ingrained beliefs.
To underestimate the impact of something
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To miscalculate or undervalue the effect of something.
To track somebody/something down
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To locate or find someone or something.
To backtrack
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To retrace one's steps or reverse a decision.
To be on the right track
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To be moving in the correct direction or making progress.
To keep track of something
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To monitor or stay informed about something.
To lose track of something
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To become unaware or lose information about something.
To fast track
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To expedite or accelerate a process.
To cover one’s tracks
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To conceal or hide evidence of one's actions.
A proven track record
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A history of consistent and successful performance.
To be engrossed at work
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To be deeply absorbed or immersed in work.
UNIT 4
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JEDNOSTKA 4
CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility)
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The ethical and social responsibility of a business to contribute positively to society, beyond its economic activities.
Code of conduct
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A set of rules or guidelines that outline ethical standards and expected behavior for individuals or organizations.
Bribery
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The act of offering, giving, receiving, or soliciting something of value to influence the actions of an official or other person in a position of power.
Bribe
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A payment or gift given to someone to influence their actions or decisions.
Kickback
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A form of bribery where a portion of the payment made is returned to the payer.
Sweetener
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An inducement or bribe offered to someone to influence their behavior.
Backhander
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A secret or indirect payment, especially a bribe.
Corruption
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Dishonest or fraudulent conduct by those in power, typically involving bribery.
Corrupt
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Involved in dishonest or illegal activities, especially involving bribery.
Wrongdoing
actions that are morally or legally unacceptable.
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Unethical or illegal behavior
Insider trading (insider dealing)
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Trading securities based on material nonpublic information about the company.
Chinese wall
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A barrier or division within a financial or legal firm to prevent conflicts of interest.
Price fixing
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An agreement between competitors to set the prices of goods or services, eliminating competition.
Market rigging
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Manipulating the market to create a false impression of supply, demand, or price.
Sleaze
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Behavior characterized by immoral or unethical actions, often related to corruption or dishonesty.
Fraud
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Deceptive practices intended to secure unfair or unlawful gain.
Fraudster
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A person or entity engaged in fraudulent activities.
Fraudulent
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Involving deceit or dishonesty, typically for financial gain.
Embezzlement
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The misappropriation of funds entrusted to someone for personal use.
Counterfeiting
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Producing imitation goods, typically with the intent to deceive or defraud.
Forgery
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The act of producing fake or false documents or signatures.
Forger
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A person who engages in the act of forgery.
Faking (luxury goods)
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Producing counterfeit or imitation luxury goods.
A scam
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A dishonest scheme or fraud.
Racketeering
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Engaging in a dishonest or illegal business scheme.
Protection racket
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A criminal activity where individuals or businesses are forced to pay for protection.
Money laundering
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The process of concealing the origins of illegally obtained money.
Business ethics
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The principles and standards that guide the conduct of individuals and organizations in the business world.
Ethical behavior
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Conduct that adheres to moral principles and values.
Industrial espionage
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The unauthorized acquisition of confidential information about a company's competitors.
Concealed cameras
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Cameras hidden from view for surveillance or monitoring purposes.
Built-in obsolescence
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Designing products with a limited lifespan to encourage repeat purchases.
Lobbying
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The act of attempting to influence decisions made by officials or legislators.
Whistleblowing
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The act of disclosing information about illegal or unethical activities within an organization.
To reveal confidential information
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To disclose information that is meant to be kept secret.
Stakeholders vs shareholders
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Stakeholders include all parties affected by a company's actions, while shareholders are specifically owners of the company.
Accountability
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The responsibility to answer for one's actions or decisions.
Transparency
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Openness and clarity in communication and decision-making processes.
Probity & integrity
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Honesty, integrity, and adherence to moral principles.
Misconduct
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Improper or unethical behavior.
To designate somebody to do something
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To assign or appoint someone for a specific task or role.
To oversee CSR
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To supervise or manage Corporate Social Responsibility initiatives.
Nepotism
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Favoritism shown to family members in business or politics.
Regulatory bodies
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Organizations responsible for creating and enforcing rules and regulations.
Corporate governance
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The system of rules, practices, and processes by which a company is directed and controlled.
Empowerment
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Granting authority or power to individuals or groups.
Best practice
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The recognized and most effective way of doing something.
Stock options
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A form of compensation that gives employees the right to buy company stock at a specified price.
Golden retirement
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A retirement plan or package that provides substantial benefits to employees.
To bend the rules
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To violate or circumvent established rules.
To be morally beyond reproach
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To have an impeccable moral standing.
To advocate something
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To publicly support or recommend a cause or idea.
To foster something
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To promote the development or growth of something.
To undermine
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To weaken or erode the foundation or trust in something.
To comply with
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To conform to or adhere to rules, regulations, or standards.
To embody
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To represent or express a particular quality or idea.
A custom
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A traditional practice or behavior.
Insofar as
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To the extent that.
To harm
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To cause damage or injury.
Proponents
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Supporters or advocates of a particular cause or idea.
To avoid pollution
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To prevent or refrain from causing environmental pollution.
To conduct business/classes/research/tests/business operations
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To carry out or perform various activities related to business, education, research, or testing.
To make expenditures/money/profits/loss
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To spend money, earn profits, or incur losses.
To maximize profits
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To optimize or achieve the highest possible financial gain.
To provide employment
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To offer job opportunities.
To expose a company to negative publicity
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To subject a company to unfavorable public attention.
Listening1 (tapescript p 166)
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Refers to an audio recording or transcript associated with a listening exercise on page 166.
To trace the beginnings of CSR to some specific events
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To identify the origin or starting point of Corporate Social Responsibility.
A silver lining
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A positive aspect or outcome in a seemingly negative situation.
A gas leak
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The unintentional release of gas.
To inhale toxic gases
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To breathe in harmful or poisonous gases.
To put your company/reputation at risk
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To jeopardize the well-being or standing of a company or reputation.
An operational business
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A business that is actively functioning.
A settlement
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An agreement resolving a dispute.
A compensation payment
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A monetary payment to compensate for losses or damages.
A court hearing
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A legal proceeding held in court.
The aftermath
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The consequences or results of an event.
To go aground
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To run a ship onto the shore or into shallow waters.
To make a living
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To earn a livelihood.
Text p 41
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Refers to a specific page (page 41) in a text or book.
Triple bottom line
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An approach that evaluates a company's performance based on economic, social, and environmental factors.
Do-gooding
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Engaging in actions or activities intended to benefit others.
A sideshow
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A minor or secondary event or activity.
To glory in something
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To take great pride or pleasure in something.
Convoluted
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Complicated or intricate.
To struggle
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To make a strenuous effort to achieve something.
Corporate philanthropy
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The act of businesses donating money or resources to charitable causes.
To allocate money to something
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To assign or distribute funds to a specific purpose.
Belatedly
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Occurring later than expected or desired.
Codes of conduct
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Sets of rules or guidelines defining ethical behavior.
Competitive advantage/edge
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A unique advantage that allows a company to outperform its competitors.
Window-dressing
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Superficial changes made to improve the appearance of something without addressing underlying issues.
Positively harmful
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Causing harm or damage.
Virtue
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Moral excellence or righteousness.
Myriad
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A large number or variety.
Misbehavior
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Improper or unacceptable behavior.
To make the commitment
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To pledge or promise to do something.
NGOs (Non-Governmental Organizations)
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Organizations that are independent of government control and operate for social, environmental, or humanitarian purposes.
A driver of growth
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Something that stimulates or fuels economic or business expansion.
Oil spill
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The accidental release of oil into the environment, often occurring in bodies of water and causing environmental damage.
To come under attack
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To be subjected to criticism, opposition, or negative actions.
A blow to the reputation
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A negative impact on one's standing or image, typically caused by damaging actions or events.
To get ahead of the game
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To be proactive and stay ahead of competitors or challenges.
To take a serious look at something
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To carefully and thoroughly examine or consider something.
Sustainable development
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Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
Citizenship
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The status or condition of being a citizen, involving rights, duties, and responsibilities within a community or nation.
Carbon neutral
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Achieving a balance between the amount of greenhouse gases emitted and the amount removed from the atmosphere.
To boom
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To experience rapid and significant growth or success.
Increasingly
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Gradually or progressively growing in frequency or intensity.
To do battle with
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To engage in a struggle or fight against something.
To be made up of
to be composed of.
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To consist of
To be put to good use
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To be utilized effectively or for a positive purpose.
To shape opinion
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To influence or mold public perception or beliefs.
Whitewashing
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Attempting to conceal or gloss over wrongdoing or faults.
Greenwashing
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Conveying a false impression of environmental responsibility to deceive the public.
To tout
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To promote or publicize aggressively.
To minimize environmental impact
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To reduce the negative effects on the environment.
A sliver of something
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A small, thin piece or portion of something.
To be done on the heels of something
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To follow closely in time or sequence.
A recurrence
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The repeated occurrence of an event or phenomenon.
To make the grade
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To meet a standard or expectation.
Allegations
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Claims or accusations that have not been proven.
To subscribe to something
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To support or adopt a particular belief or idea.
To wreak havoc
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To cause widespread and severe destruction or chaos.
To be alerted
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To be notified or made aware of something.
To recall a product
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To withdraw a product from the market due to safety concerns or defects.
Stringent (tests/regulations)
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Strict or rigorous in terms of requirements or standards.
Intact (reputation)
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Unharmed or undamaged, particularly in relation to one's reputation.
The word on the street is
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Common talk or rumors circulating in a community or society.
Rumours
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Unverified information or gossip.
Unforeseeable
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Impossible to predict or anticipate.
A batch of products
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A quantity of products produced or processed together.
To withdraw a product
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To remove a product from circulation or sale.
Listening2 (tapescript p 167)
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Refers to an audio recording or transcript associated with a listening exercise on page 167.
Scrutiny
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Close examination or inspection.
To be on one’s guard
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To be cautious or vigilant.
To be at risk
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To be in a situation where harm or danger is possible.
To be untoward
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Unfavorable or unexpected.
Alacrity
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Quick and cheerful readiness or willingness.
Strategic
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Pertaining to the formulation and implementation of a plan of action to achieve a specific goal
Relevant to your business
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Connected or applicable to your business operations
A scatter-gun approach
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A haphazard or indiscriminate method
To go under (to go out of business)
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To cease operating, especially due to financial failure
To be liable to happen
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Prone or susceptible to occurring
To anticipate
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To foresee or expect something
To evolve
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To develop or undergo gradual change
To come under a lot of pressure
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To face intense scrutiny or demands
To deliberately ignore CSR
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To intentionally disregard Corporate Social Responsibility
‘Gekko unfriendly’ vocabulary
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Terms or expressions that may be disapproved of by Gordon Gekko, a fictional character known for unethical business practices
Sustainable materials
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Materials that are environmentally friendly and have a minimal impact on ecosystems
Solar panels
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Devices that convert sunlight into electricity
Green credentials
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A company's environmental accomplishments or commitments
Publicity
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Public attention or coverage
To uncover evidence
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To reveal or discover proof or information
To pick up on (the story)
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To become aware of or resume discussion of a topic
State-of-the-art technology
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Cutting-edge or the latest technology
A blueprint
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A detailed plan or design
To go on the offensive
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To take aggressive action
To play something down
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To minimize or downplay the significance of something
To liaise with someone
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To establish a connection or coordinate with someone
To run the risk of
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To expose oneself to the possibility of experiencing something negative
A smokescreen
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A deceptive action or statement intended to distract or disguise the truth
To sidestep an issue
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To avoid addressing or confronting an issue directly
To pay lip service to something
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To express support for something verbally without genuine commitment
Tokenistic
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Relating to actions or gestures that are merely symbolic or superficial
Tokenism
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The practice of making only a symbolic effort to include a particular group
To expose the fraud
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To reveal or bring attention to fraudulent activities
To impose CSR on someone
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To enforce or require Corporate Social Responsibility
To deliver on a promise
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To fulfill or keep a commitment
To implement (a CSR program)
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To put into effect or carry out a Corporate Social Responsibility program
Offshoring
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The practice of moving business operations to another country
Merely
just
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Only
without any additional value
Eco-efficiency
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Maximizing resource efficiency while minimizing environmental impact
Corporate philanthropy
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The act of businesses donating money or resources to charitable causes
Cause-related marketing
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A strategy where a company aligns its brand with a particular social or environmental cause
A good cause
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A noble or worthy purpose
To offset negative impact
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To counterbalance or neutralize the adverse effects of something
To put a numerical value on something
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To assign a quantitative measure to something
To be an expert on something
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To have extensive knowledge or skill in a particular area
Community investment
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Allocating resources to benefit the community
To be inherently destructive
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Having an innate tendency to cause harm or damage
To be genuinely committed to (CSR)
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To be sincerely dedicated to Corporate Social Responsibility
To make a commitment to something
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To pledge or promise to support or engage in something
To donate to charity
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To give money or resources to charitable organizations
High-profile
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Receiving a lot of public attention or being well-known
To enhance reputation
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To improve or strengthen one's public image
To be easily dismissed
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To be casually disregarded or overlooked
External verifiers
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Independent entities that assess and confirm the accuracy of information or compliance with standards
To place something at the forefront
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To prioritize or emphasize something
In the vicinity of
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Near or close to
Code of Conduct
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A set of rules or guidelines defining ethical behavior
Memorandum of Understanding
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A formal agreement outlining the terms and details of a relationship or partnership
A midwife
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A person trained to assist women in childbirth
An outreach
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An effort to provide services or support to a community or group outside the organization
Explicit statements
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Clear and specific declarations
To coin a word
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To create and introduce a new word or phrase.

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