circuits

Papez Circuit - structure

A closed loop connecting hippocampus → fornix → mammillary bodies → mammillothalamic tract → anterior thalamus → cingulate gyrus → cingulum → entorhinal cortex → back to hippocampus.

Papez Circuit - function

Integrates memory and emotion. Links cortical and subcortical regions to process emotional experiences, consolidate memories, and support learning, especially in emotionally significant contexts.

Papez Circuit - disfunction

Disruption can impair memory and emotional regulation. Lesions may cause anterograde amnesia, limbic seizures, or emotional blunting, often seen in Alzheimer’s disease and related disorders.