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What are the most common compound data types rozpocznij naukę
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[1] arrays; [2] strings; [3] records; [4] structs; and [5] variant records.
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Arrays are the most common compound/composite type found in programming languages.
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What are the attributes of arrays rozpocznij naukę
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[1] the type of its elements. This is also the type of the composite type. [2] the type of its indices. Integers are normally used, but other type is possible, e.g., enumerated type. [3] the number of elements (or index range).
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[1] Static arrays: subscript ranges (i.e., sizes of arrays) are statically bound and storage allocation is static (at compile time) [2]e.g., Pascal arrays, C/C++ arrays that include static modifier [3] Advantage: efficiency (no dynamic allocation)
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describe Stack-dynamic arrays rozpocznij naukę
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[1] subscript ranges R dynamically bound, the storage allocation is at run-time. Lives on stack. size is fixed [2]E.g. C/C++ arrays w/out static modifier: double balance[10] [3] Advantage: flexibility (array size need not be known til the array is used)
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describe Heap-dynamic arrays rozpocznij naukę
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[1] lives on heap and can change size. [2] C++ (via pointer), JavaScript, Python, etc. support these [3]E.g. in C++ myType *heapArray = new myType[100]; delete [] heapArray; [4] Advantage: flexibility (arrays can grow or shrink during program execution)
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what are Heterogeneous Arrays rozpocznij naukę
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[1] A heterogeneous array is one in which the elements need NOT be of the same type. [2] Supported by Perl, Python, JavaScript.
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A jagged array has rows with varying number of elements (but has no concept of columns). Therefore a jagged multiple-dimensional arrays are actually arrays of arrays.
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What is a rectangular array rozpocznij naukę
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A rectangular array is a multi-dimensioned (e.g., 2D) array in which all of the rows have the same number of elements and all columns have the same number of elements
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A record is composed of a number of named elements of data.
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describe Structs versus Classes rozpocznij naukę
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Structurally, structs are similar to classes (without constructors), and “member function” is an alternative term for “method”.
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