Russian last names and their meaning

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Иванов
Ivanov
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Comes from the name "Ivan", which means "God's gift".
Петров
Petrov
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This last name is derived from the name "Piotr", which means "stone".
Преображенский
Preobrazhensky
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Comes from a Christian holiday - the Transfiguration day.
Попов
Popov
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Comes from the word "pop", which means "priest" in Russian.
Смирнов
Smirnov
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Is derived from the word "smyrnoi", which means "meek".
Лебедев
Lebedev
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This last name is taken from "lebedi", which means "swan" in Russian.
Соколов
Sokolov
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This last name comes from the word "sokol", meaning "hawk".
Кузнецов
Kuznetsov
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Comes from the occupation "kuznets", which means "blacksmith".
Васильев
Vasiliev
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Is derived from the Greek name "Vasily", which means "king".
Облонский
Oblonsky
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Comes from a Ukrainian place - Obolon' in the region of Poltava.
Фёдоров
Fedorov
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This last name is derived from the name "Fedor", which comes from Greek and means "gift of God".
Волков
Volkov
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Comes from the word "volk", which means "wolf" in Russian.
Гончаров
Goncharov
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Was the name of the children of potters because "gonchar" means "potter" in Russian.
Михайлов
Mikhailov
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Is derived from the name "Mikhail", meaning "like God".
Морозов
Morozov
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Comes from the word "moroz", which means "frost" in Russian.

The history of Russian surnames

The first to have Russian surnames were those who lived in Novgorod, which was the first democratic state in Russia that was later destroyed. The Russian surnames were reintroduced in the 1800s and even then, a big part of the population did not have surnames. Most of the Russian surnames at that time were patronymics. For example, Ivan Vasiliev was the son of Vasily, while Petr Mikhailov was the son of Mikhail. The Ivanov last name is the second most popular and shows that the person was the son of an Ivan. Only after the Emancipation reform in 1861, the serfs, who were a big part of the population, became independent and started having surnames. The Russian last names became most popular after the Revolution when people got passports and had to indicate an official Russian last name.

The meanings of common Russian last names

This lesson includes the most common Russian surnames and meanings. Most of the old last names were derived from the occupation of the person. For example, the person who had the surname Kuznetzov was either a smith or part of a family of smiths. The most common Russian last names were also derived from nature and animals. Volkov comes from volk, which means a wolf, while Morozov comes from moroz - frost. Some cool Russian last names come from the place where a person lived or was born: Smolensky comes from the city of Smolensk, Moskovsky from Moscow, etc. Some of the Slavic last names are very old and come from pre-Christian Russia, for example, Durov comes from durak, meaning stupid. Of course, a part of the most popular last names are foreign. The ones that end in -idze are Georgian, in -yah are Armenian, in -ko are Ukrainian. There are many more nations that live in Russia and more foreign last names. Take a look at the Russian surnames list that is in the lesson in order to get introduced to the Russian last names meaning and understand the Russian culture better. If you're curious to learn more about Russia, proceed to our other lessons. The Fun facts about Russia lesson will introduce you to some interesting facts about the country, while the Russian food you need to try lesson will make you want to try Russian cuisine!

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