→ Unit 2 (z Materiałów) → Rozpocznij Naukę / Ściągnij Fiszki MP3

Pytanie		Odpowiedź
arid /ˈærɪd/ rozpocznij naukę		suchy arid land or an arid climate is very dry because it has very little rain Water from the Great Lakes is pumped to arid regions.
wind up rozpocznij naukę		zakończyć coś [spotkanie]; skończyć gdzieś [w sądzie] to bring an activity, meeting etc to an end /// informal to be in an unpleasant situation or place after a lot has happened SYN end up It’s time to wind things up – I have a plane to catch. /// You know you’re going to wind up in court over this.
to impinge on sth /ɪmˈpɪndʒ/ rozpocznij naukę		naruszyć coś [rights] to have a harmful effect on someone or something Personal problems experienced by students may impinge on their work.
specimen /ˈspesɪmɪn/ rozpocznij naukę		(of rock, urine, blood, handwriting) próbka a small amount or piece that is taken from something, so that it can be tested or examined a blood specimen
to poach for st / poʊtʃ / rozpocznij naukę		polować nielegalnie na coś to illegally catch or shoot animals, birds, or fish, especially on private land without permission Deer have been poached here for years.
dwindle rozpocznij naukę		słabnąć to gradually become less and less or smaller and smaller The elephant population is dwindling.
to procure sth for sb/for oneself /proʊˈkjʊr/ rozpocznij naukę		postarać się o coś dla kogś to obtain something, especially something that is difficult to get He was accused of procuring weapons for terrorists
fishing quotas /ˈkwoʊtə/ rozpocznij naukę		limit połowów an official limit on the number or amount of something that is allowed in a particular period The government has imposed quotas on the export of timber.
levy /ˈlevi/ rozpocznij naukę		nałożyć [tax, duty] to officially say that people must pay a tax or charge a new tax levied on all electrical goods
tentative /ˈtentətɪv/ rozpocznij naukę		[person, gesture, steps] niepewny not definite or certain, because you may want to change things The government is taking tentative steps towards tackling the country’s economic problems.
to be indignant with sb/at, about sth /ɪnˈdɪɡnənt/ rozpocznij naukę		być oburzonym na kogoś/coś; angry and surprised because you feel insulted or unfairly treated Jess felt faintly indignant at the remark.v
devil-may-care rozpocznij naukę		lekkomyślny happy and willing to take risks However, to many devil-may-care young people London in the blitz was a place of exhilaration and excitement.
festering /ˈfestər/ rozpocznij naukę		[wound, situation] zaognić się, [feeling] wzmóc się, [rubbish] gnić if an unpleasant feeling or problem festers, it gets worse because it has not been dealt with /// if a wound festers, it becomes infected /// if rubbish or dirty objects fester, they decay and smell bad The animal parts were allowed to fester in the hot sun.
to go rancid /ˈrænsɪd/ rozpocznij naukę		[food, butter] zjęczęć oily or fatty food that is rancid smells or tastes unpleasant because it is no longer fresh I was frequently sick through being forced to drink rancid milk that had been left standing in the playground for hours.
bolshy /ˈboʊlʃi/ rozpocznij naukę		[child] uparty; [mood] kłótliwy tending to be angry or annoyed and not to obey people There’s no need to be so bolshie.
to look/be po-faced poʊ ˈfeɪst rozpocznij naukę		mieć kwaśną minę having an unfriendly disapproving expression on your face /// SYN stern (sroga np. twarz) Jenkins was at his most po-faced here
wind-up [n] /ˈwaɪnd ʌp/ rozpocznij naukę		podpucha, ściema informal something that you say or do in order to make someone angry or worried, as a joke It was a hell of an elaborate plan just for a wind-up.
pipe up rozpocznij naukę		[person] pisnąć, odezwać się słabym głosem to suddenly say something, especially when you have been quiet until then Mum suddenly piped up ‘No!’
cut sb dead rozpocznij naukę		potraktować jak powietrze [person] to deliberately ignore someone when you meet them I saw Ian in town but he cut me dead.
miasmia /maɪˈæzmə/ rozpocznij naukę		miazmaty dirty air or a thick unpleasant mist that smells bad /// an evil influence or feeling that seems to surround a person or placemiasma of He looked up at me through a miasma of cigarette smoke. /// The miasma of defeat hung over them.
draconian /drəˈkoʊniən/ rozpocznij naukę		drakoński, rygorystyczny very strict and cruel - draconian measures/controls/penalties etc The measure is not as draconian as it sounds.
to designate sb/sth as sth rozpocznij naukę		wyznaczyć kogoś na coś / uznać coś za coś to choose someone or something for a particular job or purpose The lake was recently designated a conservation area. /// She has been designated to take over the position of treasurer.
on the eve of sth /iːv/ rozpocznij naukę		w przeddzień czegoś the night or day before an important day Another student dies on the eve of term.
creep out /kriːp/ rozpocznij naukę		wymknąć się chyłkiem To exit slowly and often stealthily The cat crept out from under the bush to see if the dog was gone.
illicit /ɪˈlɪsɪt/ rozpocznij naukę		[substance, activity] niedozwolony not allowed by laws or rules, or strongly disapproved of by society There is a strong tradition of smuggling, illicit goods being brought from nearby Flookburgh on the coast.
police [v] rozpocznij naukę		pilnować porządku, patrolować /// nadzorować coś to keep control over a particular area in order to make sure that laws are obeyed and that people and property are protected, using a police or military force The demonstration was heavily policed.
a raft of something ræft rozpocznij naukę		masa czegoś a large number of things The company has launched a whole raft of new software products.
gall sb [v] /ɡɒːl/ rozpocznij naukę		wkurzyć kogoś to make someone feel upset and angry because of something that is unfair It really galled him to see Anita doing so well now.
superintendent /ˌsuːpərɪnˈtendənt/ rozpocznij naukę		nadzorca (budynku) someone who is in charge of an apartment building and is responsible for making repairs in it The superintendent had just been fired for personnel improprieties.
gnomic /ˈnoʊmɪk/ rozpocznij naukę		zagadkowy gnomic remarks are short, clever, and difficult to understand We must assume, of course, that these different aspects of his gnomic philosophy are to be unified into some coherent whole.
infraction /ɪnˈfrækʃən/ rozpocznij naukę		naruszenie (of sth czegoś) an act of breaking a rule or law (infraction of) Alleged infractions would be referred to the County Attorney for prosecution.
delinquent /dɪˈlɪŋkwənt/ rozpocznij naukę		[behaviour, nature, act] przestępczy, [child] nieletni behaving in a way that is illegal or that society does not approve of (delinquent girls/boys/children/teenagers) He said collection of delinquent payments has increased from $ 8 billion to $ 11 billion under his administration.
trudge through sth /trʌdʒ/ rozpocznij naukę		brnąć przez coś [snow, mud] to walk with slow heavy steps, especially because you are tired or it is difficult to w We trudged home through the snow.
brandish /ˈbrændɪʃ/ rozpocznij naukę		wymachiwać (czymś) to wave something around in a dangerous or threatening way, especially a weapon A man leapt out, brandishing a kitchen kn
scribble (over sth) /ˈskrɪbəl/ rozpocznij naukę		nabazgrać (na czymś) to write something quickly and untidily I scribbled his phone number in my address book.
dodgy /ˈdɑːdʒi/ rozpocznij naukę		(untrustworthy) [person] podejrzany; (risky) [plan] ryzykowny seeming to be false, dishonest, or not to be trusted /// involving risk or danger That company is a bit dodgy financially - ta firma nie jest w najlepszej kondycji finansowej
beyond the pale of sth /bɪˈjɑːnd ðə peɪl/ rozpocznij naukę		nie do przyjęcia offensive or unacceptable His opinions are entirely beyond the pale.
haul /hɒːl/ rozpocznij naukę		(wy)ciągnąć coś (z czegoś) [heavy] to pull something heavy with a continuous steady movement They used tractor to haul the car out of the river.
hard and fast rozpocznij naukę		[rule] żelazny; [category, distinction] niezmienny clear, definite, and always able to be used It is impossible to give hard-and-fast rules, but here are some points to consider.
the ins and outs of something rozpocznij naukę		wszystkie szczegóły czegoś all the facts and details of something The book guides you through the ins and outs of choosing and growing garden flowers.
the length and breadth of something rozpocznij naukę		wszerz i wzdłuż (np. zjeździć kraj, okrążyć świat) in or through every part of a large area The police searched the length and breadth of the country.
peace and quiet rozpocznij naukę		święty spokój tranquillity and freedom from disturbance It often is used in wishes for this condition, as in All I want is a little peace and quiet.
be somebody's pride and joy rozpocznij naukę		być dumą i radością kogoś
smallholding /ˈsmɒːlˌhoʊldɪŋ/ rozpocznij naukę		małe gospodarstwo British English a piece of land used for farming, that is smaller than an ordinary farm He said that there would be preference funding for smallholdings.
(show-jumping) cup rozpocznij naukę		puchar [w czymś] a sports competition in which a cup is given as a prize They’ve won the European Cup twice.
graze rozpocznij naukę		paść się [zwierzęta] if an animal grazes, or if you graze it, it eats grass that is growing Groups of cattle were grazing on the rich grass.
strut rozpocznij naukę		kroczyć dumnie; to walk proudly with your head high and your chest pushed forwards, showing that you think you are important I strutted around Chicago as if I were really somebody.
to wallow in sth /ˈwɑːloʊ/ rozpocznij naukę		wylegiwać się w czymś, taplać się w czymś [mud, morass]; pławić się w czymś [luxury, fame] if an animal or person wallows, it rolls around in mud, water etc for pleasure or to keep cool /// to seem to enjoy being sad etc, especially because you get sympathy from other people – used to show disapproval If you were fond of hot water, you wallowed in a sunken basin. /// He’d been feeling sorry for himself, wallowing in self-pity.
to wade through the mud/weeds /weɪd/ rozpocznij naukę		brnąć przez błoto/zielsko / przebrnąć przez coś [żmudną pracę] to walk through water that is not deep /// to read or deal with a lot of boring papers or written work Each day Parkin wades through lengthy court reports.
acute /əˈkjuːt/ rozpocznij naukę		[pain] ostry, [person] wnikliwy, bystry eeling or noticing something very strongly Students are becoming acutely aware that they need more than just paper qualifications.
faint [adj] /feɪnt/ rozpocznij naukę		lekki, ledwo widoczny difficult to see, hear, smell etc /// feeling weak and as if you are about to become unconscious because you are very ill, tired, or hungry The men went away, and we could hear their voices get fainter and fainter.
peculiarity /pɪˌkjuːliˈærəti/ rozpocznij naukę		dziwaczność /// dziwactwo the quality of being strange or unfamiliar /// a strange or unusual habit, quality etc She was well aware of the peculiarity of her own situation. /// Margaret regarded her mother’s peculiarities with a fond tolerance.
pinpoint /ˈpɪnpɔɪnt/ rozpocznij naukę		określić z maksymalną dokładnością [problem, causes, time] to discover or explain exactly the real facts about something or the cause of a problem It’s difficult to pinpoint the cause of the accident.
scurry /ˈskɜːri/ rozpocznij naukę		pognać, pomknąć to move quickly with short steps, especially because you are in a hurry People were scurrying off (zmykać) to work.
falcon rozpocznij naukę		sokół
to be upwind of st /ʌpˈwɪnd/ rozpocznij naukę		znajdować się pod wiatr od czegoś in the opposite direction to the way the wind is blowing A male moth flies upwind to a scent, and it goes through a very complicated repertoire to do it.
featureless /ˈfiːtʃərləs/ rozpocznij naukę		bez wyrazu a featureless place has no interesting parts to notice Out of a starting point in a constant featureless environment, life spontaneously diversified.
a plume of smoke 1 /pluːm/ rozpocznij naukę		smuga dymu a cloud of smoke, dust etc which rises up into the air A black plume of smoke rose above the city.
deplore /dɪˈˈplɔːr/ rozpocznij naukę		ubolewać nad (czymś) to disapprove of something very strongly and criticize it severely, especially publicly The UN deplored the invasion as a ‘violation of international law’.
ploy /plɔɪ/ rozpocznij naukę		sztuczka a clever and dishonest way of tricking someone so that you can get an advant His usual ploy is to pretend he’s ill.
unduly /ʌnˈduːli/ rozpocznij naukę		przesadnie more than is normal or reasonable She doesn’t seem unduly concerned about her exams.
(cleaning/heating) apparatus /ˌæpəˈrætəs/ rozpocznij naukę		sprzęt (czyszczący/grzewczy) the set of tools and machines that you use for a particular scientific, medical, or technical purpose Astronauts have special breathing apparatus.
refract /rɪˈfrækt/ rozpocznij naukę		załamać if glass or water refracts light, the light changes direction when it passes through the glass or water More light is refracted below the surface, and algae, especially diatoms. rapidly become plentiful.
conjecture /kənˈdʒektʃər/ rozpocznij naukę		przypuszczenie [guess] when you form ideas or opinions without having very much information to base them on What she said was pure conjecture.
automaton /ɒːˈtɑːmətən/ rozpocznij naukę		automat a machine, especially one in the shape of a human, that moves without anyone controlling it
consign somebody/something to something /kənˈsaɪn/ rozpocznij naukę		(get rid of) wyrzucić to put something somewhere, especially in order to get rid of it The shoes looked so tatty that I consigned them to the back of the cupboard.
make one's way rozpocznij naukę		udać się gdzieś, zmierzać to go towards something, especially when this is difficult or takes a long time The team slowly made their way back to base.
be under threat of something rozpocznij naukę		być zagrożonym czymś
inanimate /ɪnˈænəmət/ rozpocznij naukę		[object] martwy; [nature, world] nieożywiony not living How can you get angry with a car? It's an inanimate object!
perilous /ˈperələs/ rozpocznij naukę		niebezpieczny, ryzykowny very dangerous Blondin soon became famous as a rope-dancer. Nothing was too perilous for him to attempt.
to take/occupy centre-stage rozpocznij naukę		znaleźć się/znajdować się w centrum uwagi if something or someone is centre stage, they have an important position and get a lot of attention After his father’s death, he was able to rise to power and take centre stage.
have the gall to do something rozpocznij naukę		mieć czelność coś zrobić to do something rude and unreasonable that most people would be too embarrassed to dov He even had the gall to blame Lucy for it.